A battery room is a room that serves as a dedicated storage space for batteries and related emergency power equipment. The batteries within these space sit on large racks, and are designed to automatically recharge after each use. If the power within the facility is interrupted or goes out, the battery backup provides power to lighting and equipment throughout the building. The battery room supplies direct current power, which is then converted to standard alternating current within the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system. This UPS system distributes the power to vital equipment, and provides lighting so occupants can safely exit the building.
Many commercial and industrial facilities may have a battery room on the premises to supply power during an emergency. These rooms are found at power plants, where they are designed to support crucial equipment during an emergency. A battery room may also be used to support sensitive electronic equipment, such as telecommunications and data networks. Finally, battery rooms may serve as a source of emergency backup in office buildings and other public facilities.
The size of the battery room and the amount of equipment it contains should be matched to the needs of the facility in which it is located. Small systems are designed to supply emergency power for only a few minutes, while large battery rooms can power a building for days. The room should also be kept within a carefully controlled temperature range to maximize the life of the batteries and to extend the charge on each unit.
Effective ventilation is also critical to the safety of a battery room. As large batteries charge, they release hydrogen gas. This gas must be properly vented to reduce the risk of fires or explosions within the battery room. To avoid potential health risks to building occupants, the hydrogen gas should be exhausted through a dedicated ventilation system rather than sent through the building's standard duct network. Hydrogen monitors can ensure that gas levels stay within a safe and healthy range.
Battery rooms require frequent maintenance and repairs from electricians and other technicians. These workers face many dangers when working in the battery room, including a risk of burns and electrical shock. To minimize these risks, workers should wear personal protective gear, including a respirator to protect against hydrogen gases. Workers must also work on insulated mats when in these areas, and use special voltage insulated tools to reduce the risk of electrocution.